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Zambia’s Foreign Aid Dependency drops

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Acting Finance Minister, Felix Mutati, said government has made steady progress in reducing the country’s dependncy on external assistance.

Mr. Mutati said government has reduced its foreign aid dependency from 40 per cent to 24 per cent over the last two years.

The Minister was speaking in Lusaka, when he launched a policy handbook on enhancing the role of domestic resources mobilisatuion in developemnt.

He said there is need for African countries to formulate policies that are less dependant on external resources.

Mr. Mutati also said Zambia exported copper cathodes worth $3.5 Billion to the United States of America last year.

Zambia has changed for better-Magande

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Finance and National Planning Minister Ng’andu Magande said Zambia has changed for the better and that her citizens are now able to invest in various sectors of the economy.

Mr. Magande was addressing Zambians based in Washington DC at a reception hosted by the Zambian Ambassador to the United States of America, Dr. Inonge Mbikusita-Lewanika.

Mr. Magande said Zambia’s economy was on track and that the country has registered positive economic growth over the last few years of the “New Deal” government governance.

He also said Zambia was no longer a debtor nation as the country had managed to reduce debt from $7.2 billion to $500,000.

The minister said that Zambia was now in a position to make its own decisions on how to develop because the donors could no longer instruct the government on what to do.

He urged Zambians living abroad to invest at home because of the good business opportunity that were in place.

The Minister also said he was happy with the 2008 World Bank/IMF Spring Meetings, which he was attending and described them as very positive.

“We have had very good discussions with the IMF and World Bank. I was proud to meet with members of the two institutions because of the good fiscal policy Zambia has pursued,” he said.

He said five years ago, it was difficult for Zambia to negotiate with the two institutions but due to disciplined fiscal management and debt record, Zambia was looked upon as a good partner in development.

He stated that Zambia’s reserves were currently over US$1 billion, adding that this was the highest figure the country had ever recorded.

The side meetings mainly centred on sectors such as energy and water, transport, agriculture, education, health and regional infrastructure.

Mr. Magande also disclosed that Zambia would produce a one million tonnes of copper by the year 2010.

Mr. Magande said the discoveries of new copper mines especially in the North-Western province would have an upward effect on the output of copper in the next two years.

He also stated that the Lumwana Copper Mine had employed to at least 10,000 Zambians who were unemployed.

Mr. Magande also pointed out that other rich minerals like nickel and uranium had been discovered in Zambia.

“The search for uranium in Zambia is part of an exploration that is raising new hopes for jobs and tax revenue,” he said.

He further told the audience that the Munali Nickel Project in Mazabuka district of Southern province was expected to produce over 900,000 tonnes of nickel in the next decade.

“Munali Nickel Project will produce about 8,500 tons per annum of nickel in concentrate from a 900,000 tons per annum underground mining operation involving straight forward extraction methods and conventional processing technology,” he explained.

Speaking at the same function, Bank of Zambia Deputy Governor for Operations, Denny Kalyalya said the Zambian economy has performed very well in the recent past.

Dr. Kalyalya said Zambia had recorded positive real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth and that inflation and interest rates had come down.

He noted that the unprecedented developments in inflation have been due to continued implementation of prudent monetary and fiscal policies, coupled with increased food supply.

He said Zambia had become an attractive country for foreign investors because of its sound economic performance

Illegal mining activities worry Lumwana

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Lumwana Mining Company (LMC) Managing Director Harry Michael has expressed worry at the illegal mining activities by unscrupulous individuals taking place in the LMC license area.

Mr. Michael said it was unfortunate that some individuals had started mining illegally in the LMC license area before its rightful owners could start production .

Mr. Michael said when Solwezi West Member of Parliament Mr. Humphrey Mwanza toured the mine yesterday that development schedule for a typical large copper projects around the world takes an average of 10 years as a result of technicalities involved ranging from explorations to production.

Mr. Michael reiterated that Lumwana mining company which is fully owned by Equinox minerals would be the largest single investment in the country’s mining once production commences in the second quarter of this year.

He however warned management and other stakeholders to become responsible once production begins so as to safe guard the 37 year life span of the mine, adding that being irresponsible towards the mine would shorten its life span .

The managing director said he was delighted to note that Equinox minerals has committed more resources for on exploration work this year .

Mr. Michael disclosed that 14 international banks have agreed to lend Lumwana mining company US 584 million for the development of the mine for over two years, making it the largest debt finance package in the history of the African continent .

He said the financial institutions are from South Africa, United Kingdom, Germany, Austria and Canada.

Meanwhile, Lumwana mining company has sponsored 54 scholarships at University of Zambia (UNZA) in the fields of mining engineering, geology ,metallurgy, chemical, mechanical, and electrical engineering which are critical to the mining industry like Lumwana.

Cultivation of Cannabis in Rural Areas on the Increase

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There is an increased cultivation of canabis in rural areas on a commercial basis. A Senior government official in Mazabuka has attributed the increase in the number of villagers cultivating Cannabis on commercial basis to lack of Drug Enforcement Commission (DEC) officer in the district..

Acting Mazabuka District Commissioner, Wilson Siadunka said in Mazabuka today some villagers are now cultivating cannabis especially in Chikakankata area of Chieftainess Mwenda on commercial basis due to the absence of DEC officers.

Mr. Siadunka told ZANIS in an interview that Chiefs have now resorted to arresting suspected drug traffickers that are surrendered to Police.

He said inspite of his office securing accommodation space for DEC, two years ago, the Commission has failed to send officers .

”DEC asked for office accommodation two years ago and we secured but our surprise they have gone for good.

This is despite the alarming cases of cultivation and trafficking of cannabis in my district,” complained Siadunka

Mr Siadunka said the reluctance by DEC to open an office in the district is frustrating traditional rulers who have pledged to join hands in the fight against drug trafficking.

Meanwhile, Mr Siadunka has commended Chieftainess Mwenda for declaring war against drug trafficking in her Chiefdom.

He said the arrest of dangerous drug traffickers in her Chiefdom deserves commendation because it is in line with government policy of drug free country.

And Chieftainess Mwenda in a separate interview told ZANIS, warned that she will suspend all village headmen linked to the cultivation of cannabis on commercial basis.

She complained the cultivation of cannibis in her chiefdom has reached alarming proportions as some villagers had stopped growing maize in preference for Dagga.

” I think people are reaping heavily in Dagga business, but am not going allow this to happen because some youths who smoke Dagga end up running Mad,” said the Chieftainess.

Contractors abandoning projects to face wrath of the law

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Government has instituted investigations into several named constructors who abandoned a number of developmental projects they were undertaking in the district.

Namwala District Administrative officer Mr. Godwin Sanjase disclosed this in an interview with ZANIS today.

Mr. Sanjase cited Kabanga health post, which was abandoned at roof level and the Kabulamwanda- Maala road projects among several others that were abandoned by some named contractors.

“Government is currently investigating some contractors in the district who were engaged to do developmental projects since 2002 but later abandoned them,” he said.

Mr. Sanjase, who could not say how much all the abandoned projects cost government, said it was retrogressive for contractors to abandon projects for no reason at all.

“I think stern action should be meted out to those contractors who will be found wanting,” he added.

During a full council meeting on April 11 this year, Kabulamwanda Ward Councillor, Hebert Diangamo, raised concern over what he termed prolonged delay in the completion of some developmental projects in the district.

He called for a thorough investigation into a number of contractors failed to complete that projects despite government releasing money for such projects.

Allow MPS to use local languagues in the House, Political parties

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Various political parties in Luapula Province have resolved that there be a provision in the constitution to allow for use of local languages in the National Assembly by Members of Parliament (MP) during debates.

The Political parties unanimously agreed that the use of local languages would enable the general public to understand the policy issues easily.

The parties argued that MPs would also express themselves more elaborately during debates in Parliament.

They cited South African National Assembly as one that had no restrictions on language and dress code.

The Political parties made the resolutions during the Zambia Centre for Interparty Dialogue (ZCID )forum held in Mansa.

The Political parties in attendance included the ruling Movement for Muity Party Democracy (MMD) , Patriotic Front ( PF) ,United National Independence ( UNIP),United Party for National Development ( UPND) , United Liberal Party ( ULP) and the Forum for Political Parties.

ZCID is currently holding held sensitising meeting to gather more views from political parties at the grassroots level for submission to the National Constitution Conference (NCC ).

The parties also resolved that all MPs who defect to other political parties should not be allowed to re-contest their seat until the tenure of their office elapses.

They also agreed that the tenure for MPs be limited to two terms of five years in office after which they should not seek re-election.

And the ZCID has refuted recent media reports that it resolved to amend the NCC Act to allow for broader representation.

ZCID Executive Director Chomba Chellah stated that the amendments would take aback and delay the constitution making process.

“This resolution was arrived at by the political parties at a forum recently not the ZCID secretariat and it was just one of those resolutions we gathered from the forums,” Mr Chellah said.

Meanwhile, Mr. Chellah has urged political parties and the general public to take advantage of its Constitution Sensitisation regional meetings and submit their views on the content and formulation of the national constitution.

Mr. Chellah said the forums being held at all provincial capitals across the country had been organised to sensitise and gather more views from political parties at the grassroots level for submission to the National Constitution Conference (NCC).

He said ZCID would soon organise open forums for the general public at district levels to obtain substantial views on the formulation and content of the National Constitution.

He said that the ZCID was organising meetings across the country to sensitise the public on the constitution content and formulation to enable them hold their representatives at the NCC accountable.

‘we are getting views from the political parties on the bill of rights, separation of powers and the electoral systems and we intend to extend these forums to the civil society and the general public,’ Mr. Chellah said.

Mr. Chellah said that the ZCID affiliated political parties through their General Secretaries would advise on how to present the views collected from the forums the NCC.

He said the forums were also aimed at affording various political parties to debate and reach consensus on important constitutional issues.

Faz Premier League Delayed Week 2 Preview

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Rainford Kalaba’s long goodbye begins tomorrow when he returns to league action with Zesco United when they take on Green Buffaloes in a delayed midweek week 2 league game at Woodlands Stadium in Lusaka.

Kalaba will leave Zesco this June after two seasons at the Ndola club to join Portuguese Superliga club Sporting Braga on a five-year deal until 2013.

The game will be Kalaba’s first competitive match since Zesco’s league opener on March 15 in Ndola against Roan United that ended 1-1 and saw the midfielder limp off due to an ankle injury that has kept him out of action until this week.

Kalaba’s presence is a boost for Zesco who are trying to regain their confidence after Al Hilal of Sudan ejected them from the Caf Africa Champions League in the 1st round.

He watched on Sunday as 9th placed Zesco beat promoted and bottom of the table Green Eagles 4-1 in Ndola.

And victory away for Zesco at 12th positioned Buffaloes will see them go top of the table on 7 points.

Zesco are on 4 points from their two games played with another two in hand going into Wednesday’s fixture against Buffaloes who have 3 points from two games.

Meanwhile, Buffaloes are hoping to bounce back after Young Arrows beat them 1-0 on Sunday at the same venue as they try to erase their Confederations Cup 1st round exit at the hands of Highlanders of Zimbabwe.

And in Wednesdays other delayed week 2 match, Zanaco face Young Arrows away at Nkoloma Stadium also in Lusaka.

New passports on the way

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New passports will be issued out this month.

Home Affairs Permanent Secretary, Susan Sikaneta said this will be done from three offices.

Ms. Sikaneta said work at the three offices have reached an advanced stage and installation of machines is almost complete.

She said government was installing new passport machines in Lusaka, Ndola and Livingstone.

Ms. Sikaneta said experts from Germany are in the country and are ensuring that the passport machines are installed.

SWSCO ready to take over Maamba water Supply system

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Southern Water and Sewerage Company (SWSCO) has said preliminary studies for the improvement of the water supply system at Maamba Collieries have been completed.

SWSCO Operations Manager Charles Shindayile told ZANIS in an interview on Tuesday that at the end of this month the company would start running the Maamba Collieries water Supply system.

Last month Local Government and Housing Minister Sylvia Masebo announced that government had revoked Maamba Collieries operating license to supply water to the residents because the company failed to run it.

Maamba residents have for many years complained of dirt water that Maamba Collieries was supplying and many health personnel described it as unfit for human consumption.

Mr. Shindayile observed that there were a lot of things that needs to be done in terms replacing the hardware which would take some time because it required more capital.

He said SWSCO would be in charge of treating the water that would be supplied to the community for domestic use while Maamba Collieries would continue to take care of the raw water that is used for washing coal.

The Operations manager also noted that his company would maintain the Maamba Collieries’ social responsibility of providing free water to the villages.

Maamba Collieries polluted the stream that passes where villagers had settled and they were providing free untreated water to the community.

The Villagers through their Councilor Peter Siavuulwe raised concern that SWSCO’s taking over the operations of running the water system would deprive them the free service they were enjoying.
[ZANIS]

Government will electrify Chiefs Palaces

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Northwestern Provincial Minister Kenneth Chipungu has reaffirmed government’s commitment to electrify all chiefs palaces in the Province.

Mr. Chipungu said this when he visited chiefs Nyakaseya and Ikelenge of Mwinilunga district over the weekend.

Mr. Chipungu said government has managed to electrify some chiefs palaces in the Province and will continue with the exercise until all the palaces were done.

The Provincial Minister said the palaces which were not connected to power will be installed with solar panels.

Mr. Chipungu said apart from the electrification of their palaces, government is also committed to improve all the roads leading to their palaces and improve on the delivery of social services especially in the health and education sectors in their chiefdoms.

Mr. Chipungu noted that traditional leaders were important as they are partners in development.

Mr. Chipungu has since appealed to traditional leaders to encourage their subjects to grow more food to avert hunger for their livelihood.

Government is looking to alternative energy sources – Konga

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Energy and Water Development Minister Kenneth Konga has advised potential investors wishing to grow Jathropha and other energy producing crops to work closely with the Energy Regulation Board (ERB).

Mr. Konga say this is because government needs to have adequate information on quantities of energy to be produced from such initiatives.

The minister noted that Zambia is endowed with abundant energy alternatives other than hydro-electrical power.

He was speaking when he paid a courtesy call on North Western Province Minister Kenneth Chipungu.

Mr. Konga said government is approaching and expanding the energy industry with a “Bird eye view” in a bid to bring onboard all the stakeholders.

The minister stated that this is why government revised the Energy Policy to make it all-inclusive.

And North Western Province Minister Kenneth Chipungu called on investors to invest in the province in sectors such as the hospitality industry.

Mr. Chipungu said the province is endowed with abundant tourist potential which has largely remained untapped.

Adequate transport cardinal to delivery of health-Levy

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President Levy Mwanawasa says adequate transport, human resource and appropriate infrastructure is vital in the provision of quality health services in the country.

Dr. Mwanawasa said that the national vision in the health sector was to provide all citizens with equity of access to affordable, cost effective and quality health services
that are close to them as possible.

The President attributed the country’s high maternal mortality ratio was partly to inadequate transport in the health sector.

Dr. Mwanawasa made remarks in a speech lead on his behalf by Defence Minister George Mpombo when he handed over 17 land cruiser and 38 motor bikes to the ministry of health in Western Province.

The President said that the handover of the motor vehicles was part of the on-going exercise to provide each of the 72 district with a vehicle .

He said that the vehicles will strengthen the delivery of health services and significantly contribute towards the safeguarding of lives in the province.

President Mwanawasa said that the handover of motor vehicles to the Ministry of Health demonstrates the seriousness government attaches to national development

Dr. Mwanawasa said government has embarked on countrywide constructing hospitals in places that previously had none such as Shangombo and Kaoma districts in Western provinces.

Other districts where the construction of hospitals is going on are Kapiri mposhi, Chadiza and Isoka districts.

The copperbelt, Eastern, Central, North-Western and Northern provinces have
already been presented with vehicles.

And speaking at the same function, -Health Deputy Minister, Lwipa Puma said adequate supply of drugs to the hospitals would enable the majority of Zambians access the drugs.

He said that government is working tirelessly to address the many challenges in the health sector as witnessed by the handover of 17 motor vehicles and 38 motor bikes to the Ministry of Health in Western Province.

And Western Province Minister Adonis Mufalali bemoaned the inadequate transport service in the Ministry of Health in the province.

Mr. Mufalali said the vehicles giving to the province which had been handicapped in terms of transport was an indicator that the new deal government was committed to improving the delivery of quality health to its people.

He has since cautioned the controlling officers to ensure that the vehicles
are put to good use and serviced at appropriate times.

Vedanta to acquire more shares in KCM

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Government has announced that pursuant to the call option deed between Vedanta Resources PLC and Zambia Copper Investments, Vedanta has exercised its option to acquire a further 28.4% shares held by Zambia Copper Investments in KCM.

This option will bring the shareholding of Vedanta in KCM to 79.42 %.

This is contained in a statement availed to ZANIS in Lusaka today and signed by Commerce, Trade and Industry minister FElix Mutati.

Mr Mutati said call option deed is binding between Vedanta Resources PLC and Zambia Copper Investments and is not subject to any further approvals or consent of government.

He said, to this effect, an agreement has been reached in principle for Vedanta to offer part of its shareholding in KCM to the Zambian public, cognisant of the need for greater participation of Zambians in corporations operating in the country.

Mr Mutati explained that following Vedanta’s exercise of its option to acquire the 28.4 percent shares held by Zambia Copper Investments in KCM, the Zambian government is now in the process of constituting a negotiating team which will soon be meeting with a team from Vedanta.

The minister said government is desirous of of ensuring that it maximises the possible benefits to arise out of the transaction and therefore, expects that the negotiations will result in the best possible resolution to safeguard the public interest in KCM.

Weekend Scorecard

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Stophira Sunzu is set to make his Zanaco debut this weekend in a week 6 game away to Roan United after returning from a controversial trial spell in Tunisia.

The Zambia junior international midfielder finally joined Zanaco last Monday where is has been loaned to from Afrisports for this season.

This is just days after returning from Tunisia where he had been holed up since December with top-flight team Avenir Sportif de La Marsa.

Zanaco coach Wesley Mondo said he was delighted to finally have Sunzu in the team after a protracted struggle by Afrisports to get their player back whom they claimed had gone for trials at La Marsa illegally.

“He (Sunzu) has been couldn’t play against Rangers because he his match fitness was not up to scratch but he will play this weekend (away to Roan United),” Mondo said.

“He joined us last Monday and starting training with us the next day on Tuesday.”

Afrisports chief executive officer Gabriel Kaunda said today that Sunzu would stay at Zanaco until June when he is expected to leave for a prospective trial spell
at French Ligue 1 club Stade Rennes who already have Felix Katongo on their roaster.

“We are yet to get an invitation letter but it (The club) should be Rennes,” Kaunda said today.

The teenage midfielder rose to prominence with the Under-23 team before being included in the Under-20 side for Zambia’s Fifa World Youth Cup in Canada last year where George Lwandamina’s team reached the last 16.

Sunzu made his name at Afrisports in 2005 as a 16 year old when he replaced Patrick Kasunga in that defensive midfield role after the club snatched him first an apprentice from Konkola Blades before moving back to his childhood club last season.


Pictures of Kalaba in Portugal

kalababraga.jpg
Rainford Kalaba displaying his Sporting Braga shirt flanked by Afrisports CEO Gabriel Kaunda

kalababraga2.jpg
Kalaba, Kaunda and Sporting Braga officials putting pen to paper to the Zambia midfielders five-year deal with the Portugese Superliga team.

Pictures courtesy of Afrisports FC.

2009 CAF AFRICA NATIONS CHAMPIONSHIP QUALIFIER

Preliminary Round, Return Leg

12/04/2008

Woodlands Stadium

Zambia 3 (Roger Kola 19, Emmanuel Mayuka 71″, Kennedy Mudenda 81″)- Swaziland 0

FAZ PREMIER LEAGUE

13/04/2008

Week 5

Konkola Blades 0-Lusaka Dynamos 0

Zesco United 4(Lottie Phiri 4″ 46″, Allen Chibwe 49″, Maybin Mwaba 64″)-Green Eagles 1 (Obrey Zulu 75″)

Nkana 1 (Ronald Sakapaji 85″)-Chambishi 0

Kabwe Warriors 3(Metuselah Chipupu , Siloni Jere, Emmanuel Mayuka)-Power Dynamos 1(Francis Kombe)

Green Buffaloes 0- Young Arrows 1(Chiwanki Liyianga 35″)

Red Arrows 2(Namez Macha 70″, Lawrence Pondani 90″ )-Roan United 0

Zanaco 1 (Nasha Kaya 18″ pen)- Nchanga Rangers 0

Nkwazi 0- City of Lusaka 1(Ian Bakala 70″)

After games Played 13/04/2008

LEAGUE & CUP:

Emmanuel Mayuka (Kabwe Warriors): 4

Reuben Tembo (Green Buffaloes):3

Morgan Hanjeema (Green Buffalkoes): 3

Francis Kombe (Power Dynamos): 2

Lottie Phiri (Zesco United): 2

Mathew Macha (Nchanga Rangers): 2

Sebastian Mwansa (Green Buffaloes): 2

William Njobvu (Lusaka Dynamos): 2

Wilson Mutupa (Green Buffaloes): 2

Nicholas Zulu (Zesco United): 2

FAZ DIVISION 1

WEEK 6

13/04/2008

NORTH

Mining Rangers 1 Forest Rangers 0

Muchindu 0 Mufulira Wanderers 0

Mufulira Blackpool 0 Afrisports 1

Zamtel 1 Chindwin 0

Ndola United 0 Medical Stars 0

Lime Hotspur 0 Kitwe United 0

Indeni 1 Tazara Express 1

Prison Leopards 2 Kalewa 1

SOUTH

Riflemen 3- Chilanga Heroes 0

Petauke United 2- Kambuku 1

Lusaka Tigers 0- Mazabuka United 0

Profund Warriors 0- Lusaka Celtic 1

Young Green Eagles 0- National Assembly 1

Kalomo Jetters 1- Young Buffaloes 0

Nampundwe 0- Lusaka Celtic 0

Zamcoal Diggers 1- Builders Brigade 2

Zim court rejects bid to release poll result

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Zimbabwe’s High Court on Monday refused to order the immediate release of delayed results from a March 29 presidential election, in a major blow to the opposition MDC.

Rejecting a Movement for Democratic Change application to force the electoral commission to release the result, Judge Tendai Uchena said: “I dismiss the case with costs.”

The MDC says its leader, Morgan Tsvangirai, defeated President Robert Mugabe in the vote, ending his 28-year rule.

The MDC went to the High Court after a long delay in issuing the result by the Zimbabwe Electoral Commission (ZEC).

Judge Uchena did not explain his judgement, but said the court would make it available by tomorrow.

The ZEC opposed the MDC’s application and says it is still counting and verifying the votes.

Zimbabwe’s economy is in ruins, with the world’s worst rate of hyper-inflation, but the judgement appeared to delay even further the time when the population will find out whether Mugabe’s almost three decades in power are over.

The opposition says Mugabe is holding back the presidential result to allow him time to prepare a violent response to his biggest electoral setback, when the ruling ZANU-PF party lost control of parliament in a parallel vote on March 29.

MDC spokesman Nelson Chamisa told Reuters: “Naturally we are very disappointed because I think we have a very strong case. We are going to decide the way forward after meeting our lawyers, but in our view the release of those results is very, very urgent.”

GENERAL STRIKE

MDC lawyers said they would decide whether to appeal after studying the High Court judgement. The opposition has called an indefinite general strike for Tuesday to protest against the delay.

Southern African leaders said after a summit in Lusaka at the weekend that the election result should be released “expeditiously”.

Further delays are expected because of legal manoeuvres and a recount of 23 constituencies ordered by the ZEC for next Saturday. The MDC is also challenging that decision in court.

ZANU-PF says neither Tsvangirai nor Mugabe won the necessary absolute majority in the presidential vote and a run-off will be necessary.

The delays have stoked tension in the southern African nation and brought a chorus of Western condemnation.

Both MDC and international human rights organisations say Mugabe has unleashed militias in a campaign of violence to intimidate opposition supporters ahead of a runoff.

The MDC says hundreds of villagers have been forced out of their homes by militia attacks and at least 50 needed medical treatment.

A quarter of Zimbabwe’s population has fled to escape inflation of more than 100,000 percent, chronic shortages of food and fuel and 80 percent unemployment.

The ZEC’s recounts could overturn the MDC’s victory in the parliamentary vote, Mugabe’s first defeat since taking power after independence from Britain in 1980.

MDC lawyer Selby Hwacha accused the ZEC of calling the recount to help ZANU-PF rig the poll.

In what the opposition says is a propaganda campaign, state media on Monday published a document alleged to have been written by MDC Secretary-General Tendai Biti containing the party’s plans to bribe polling officials to inflate MDC votes.

“This is a dirty campaign, a sign of desperation, publishing false documents which they have authored themselves,” the MDC’s Chamisa said.

Tsvangirai, who says he is a target of security forces, has said widespread violence could erupt unless African states intervene.

The summit of SADC (Southern African Development Community) in Lusaka at the weekend urged Mugabe to ensure any run-off would be held “in a secure environment”.

The former guerrilla commander did not attend.

Zimbabwe’s neighbours, particularly regional power South Africa, have been flooded with millions of economic refugees, causing outbursts of xenophobic violence.

[Reuters]