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David MabumbaGovernment has assured Indeni Petroleum employees that no single job will be lost at the refinery.
Energy Minister David Mabumba says the decision to look for a strategic partner at the refinery was aimed at recapitalizing and repositioning the facility for an improved operational capacity.
He explained that at full scale, the refinery will generate revenue and additional manpower will be added.
“The idea is to improve the capacity, the production levels will go back to its design capacity of 1.1 million metric tonnes. Get additional man power to deal with the improved capacity” he said.
He said prolonged low production levels had resulted in stagnation at the refinery.
“At the moment, the establishment for Indeni is stagnant, simply because our production levels have gone down’’ he explained.
Mr. Mabumba further dismissed assertions of looming retrenchments and job losses adding that no single job will be lost as government will continue providing oversight.
“Instead of retrenchments, you actually create more jobs. We will be moving from 650,000 metric tonnes to 1.1 million metrics tonnes. And this will in turn mean additional man power will be required to deal with that capacity improvement. So we are going to return all the jobs at Indeni and create more” he said.
Meanwhile, government says it will undertake a local investors conference to encourage participation in the recapitalization of Indeni Petroleum.
Mr. Mabumba said the symposium was aimed at ensuring local investors wishing to get involved during the recaptalization process were not left out.
He said preparations for the conference are underway and his Ministry is closely working with the Industrial Development Corporation (IDC) to ensure steady participation from the local entrepreneurial base.
Tourism and Arts Minister Hon. Charles Banda (left) explaining the need to market Zambia as a tourist destination of choice to Panorama Country Director Daniela Pawleniak. Panorama is a United Kingdom based Media Consultancy firm
Government says plans to turn Longacres Lodge into a Five-Star Hotel status is still underway and has full blessings from government.
Tourism and Arts Minister Charles Banda said the Ministry of Infrastructure has been informed to go ahead and upgrade the facility into a five-star hotel.
Mr. Banda disclosed this in Lusaka when he met Hostels Board of Management (HBoM) officials.
“President Lungu has already given consent to the Ministry of Infrastructure to go ahead and upgrade Longacres Lodge into a five star. Government is determined to strengthen the HBoM to grow the hospitality industry,” the Minister said.
The Minister further stated that budgetary estimates will soon be known to the public.
Mr. Banda, who conducted an on-the-spot-check of the works on the facility, is impressed with the work being done by the Board.
And HBoM Operations Manager Nkole Chisanga said her Board is working in line with its strategic plan.
Ms. Chisanga boasted that the Lodge, once hosted the Zimbabwean and Tunisian national teams.
Southern Sun, Inter-Continental and Taj-Pamodzi are among the Five-Star Hotels in the country.
This is contained in a press statement made available to ZANIS in Lusaka today by Tourism and Arts Public Relations Officer, Sakabilo Kalembwe.
Authorities at Kasama General Hospital have refuted claims that Cholera cases have been recorded in the district.
Acting Kasama District Health Director, Mwenda Wilombe said tests were carried out on the reported cases and they came out negative.
Meanwhile, a District Epidemic Preparedness Committee has been set up in Kasama following the Cholera outbreak in some parts of the country.
ZANIS reports that the objective of the committee is to review and share updates on disease surveillance to establish the way forward regarding the district preparedness on Cholera.
Addressing the meeting in the Council Chamber, Kasama District Commissioner(DC), Kelly Kashiwa urged the stakeholders to diligently contribute their resources and knowledge to protect the lives of people in the district.
The committee among other things agreed on routine water quality monitoring through inspections of water sources and bacteriological tests, inspection of public premises and community led sanitation.
After the meeting, Mr. Kashiwa led the team of stakeholders to inspect the Cholera facility Centre set up at the Zambia Army clinic and they were impressed with measures that have been put in place.
And he Katete District Health Office in Eastern province has dispelled social media claims of cholera outbreak in the district.
And Solwezi district health director Evans Tulisha says contrary to rumors by sections of society, the district has not recorded any Cholera case.
Katete District Health Director (DHD) Adamson Ndhlovu says the reported two cases on social media were not confirmed Cholera cases.
Dr Ndhlovu said in an interview that the two cases where subjected to laboratory tests and did not satisfy the required standard for presence of the Cholera bacteria.
“The stories going around on social media are not true, the case from Chibolya Compound, was a suspected case and not a confirmed case of Cholera. We did the tests of which the culture results were negative. The other case was a diarrhea case. The two patients are currently undergoing treatment,” he said.
Dr Ndhlovu also said the institution had carried out some water testing of the district of which Katete Boarding School had tested positive for contamination.
He said the results indicated for faecal coliforms of which adequate steps had been taken to prevent any waterborne diseases.
And authorities in the area have meanwhile confiscated some foods stuffs that were being sold on the streets to prevent any Cholera outbreak.
Dr Ndhlovu who disclosed this in the same interview further warned owners of restaurants and food places to adhere to the Public Health Act failure to which they risked being closed.
He urged the public to continue with good hygiene practices to enhance the fight against the disease.
Meanwhile , Solwezi district health director Evans Tulisha says contrary to rumors by sections of society, the district has not recorded any Cholera case.
Dr Tulisha said what was reported at Solwezi urban clinic over the weekend was a suspected case but that after examining the sample from the suspect, Cholera was ruled out.
He said weighbridge area where the suspect came from, Zambia and Kyawama compounds have a lot of diarrhea cases being recorded.
Dr Tulisha said during a stakeholders epidemic preparedness meeting today that there is need to heighten sanitation in the hotspot areas so as to combat any possible outbreak of the epidemic.
First Quantum Minerals,Kansanshi mine has pledged to help distribute 2000 bags of lime and 2000 by 24 bottles of chlorine.
First Quantum Minerals health advisor Gertrude Musunka said the lime and chlorine will be used to chlorinate water points and lime pit latrines in the communities aroundthe district.
Speaking at the same meeting, Solwezi town clerk Seke Mbulo said the local authority will continue collecting garbage and cleaning trading places.
Mr Mbulo said the local authority will also intensify random checks of restaurants, bars and supermarkets to screen food handlers and the environment in a bid to avert the possible outbreak of Cholera.
And stakeholders have unanimously resolved to set up disinfection stations at Solwezi airport and the check Point on the Solwezi Chingola road to disinfect public buses and passengers.
The ruling Patriotic Front (PF) has accused the United Party for National Development (UPND) of politicising the outbreak of Cholera in Constituencies by donating politically branded materials.
In a media statement released to the media and signed by the Mrs Mumbi Phiri, Deputy Secretary General, the party said that it was immoral and inhumane for any political party to attempt scoring cheaply on a misfortune such as the Cholera epidemic Zambia is battling with, adding that there must come a time in the life of a nation when people put politics aside and pull together as a Country.
Below is the full statement
PRESS STATEMENT FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
OPPOSITION UPND SHOULD NOT POLITICISE THE CHOLERA OUTBREAK
The Patriotic Front is dismayed at the extents to which United Party for National Development (UPND) is ready to go in its quest to prove political relevance. We are aware that UPND seeks to politicise the outbreak of Cholera in Constituencies by donating politically branded materials. It is immoral and inhumane for any political party to attempt scoring cheaply on a misfortune such as the Cholera epidemic Zambia is battling with. There must come a time in the life of a nation when we put politics aside and pull together as a Country.
Further, Patriotic Front commends the combined efforts by Government ministries and cooperating partners, including our men and women in uniform in the management and prevention of the further spreading of Cholera.
In this regard, Patriotic Front is calling for heightened public participation and therefore directs all members to get involved in interventions taking place in their respective communities. In calling for public participation devoid of political partisanship, the Patriotic Front wishes to observe that Cholera outbreaks can spread rapidly, cause many deaths, and quickly become a serious public health issue unless all stakeholders, including all citizens, irrespective of their political affiliation, join in and support interventions Government and other stakeholders have put in place. We must emphasize that it is important for areas that have not yet recorded any Cholera incidence to take preventive measures such as compulsory cleaning involving all members of the public – prevention is better and cheaper than cure.
While it is nearly impossible to prevent cholera from being introduced into an area, we must strive as Zambians to make Cholera history through adopting a culture of cleanliness. We are all affected by Cholera and prudence dictates that we take all necessary means to prevent, to the extent that it is possible, the invasion of cholera morbus in areas that have not been affected yet. We therefore thank Government, its cooperating partners and other stakeholders for taking the most appropriate local measures aimed at preventing the further spread of the epidemic.
We also appeal to the Church to continue playing their role in helping to prevent the outbreak of this disease in areas not presently affected. The Church has an important role to play in collecting information regarding the outbreak, spread, and disappearance of cholera.
The Patriotic Front sends its prayers and stands with the affected and all those families which have so far lost their loved ones to the outbreak of Cholera.
Signed by: Mrs Mumbi Phiri, Deputy Secretary General PATRIOTIC FRONT
Uganda Under-20 striker and 2017 COSAFA U20 Cup Golden Boot winner Shaban Mohammad is set for a Zambia reunion after making The Cranes final 23-member 2018 CHAN team.
Shaban, who scored four goals for Uganda at the COSAFA U20 Cup held in Kitwe in December, is one of four Uganda U20 players in their CHAN team.
The striker infamously scored a brace against hosts Zambia Under-20 in Uganda’s 2-0 win to set into motion Young Chipolopolo’s eventual group stage exit from the competition.
Goalkeeper Saidi Keni, midfielders Milton Karisa and Abubaker Kasule, who all prominently featured at the COSAFA U20 Cup, are also in the final team.
But, defender Mustapha Kiiza failed to make the final cut for the tournament Morocco is hosting from January 12 to February 4.
Uganda will face Zambia in both sides opening Group match on January 14 in Marrakech.
It will be the two sides’ second successive CHAN meeting between the two sides after Zambia won 1-0 in another group stage match at Rwanda 2016.
Meanwhile, Uganda wrapped up their friendly scheduled on Tuesday with a 1-0 loss to fellow finalists Congo-Brazzaville in Rabat just three days following a 1-1 draw with Guinea in another warm-up at the same venue.
In February 2017 an overflow spillway on a major dam, the Oroville Dam in California, collapsed and disaster was narrowly averted.
Here in Zambia we also have an ageing dam with structural problems not envisaged when the dam was planned and built. Can the Zambezi River Authority who is responsible for Kariba dam learn some lessons from this incident? A report investigating why this failure to prevent disaster on the Oroville Dam occured has just been published. This should be required reading for the ZRA, ZESCO, and all relevant people in the Ministry of ENERGY, especially the Minister.
A summary of the reports findings has been written by Elizabeth Ingram of Hydroworld.com –
Below are some telling statements surrounding the spillway incidents in the US that occurred. “The Oroville Dam spillway incident was caused by a long-term systemic failure of the California Department of Water Resources (DWR), regulatory, and general industry practices to recognize and address inherent spillway design and construction weaknesses, poor bedrock quality and deteriorated service spillway chute conditions.”
“The incident cannot reasonably be ‘blamed’ mainly on any one individual, group, or organization.”
Nonetheless, “Challenging current assumptions on what constitutes ‘best practice’ in our industry is overdue.”
Final report released
In its final report, officially released yesterday (from which the quotes above were taken), the Oroville Dam Spillway Incident Independent Forensic Team said there was no single root cause of the incident, nor was there a simple chain of events leading ultimately to the necessity of the evacuation order. “Rather, the incident was caused by a complex interaction of relatively common physical, human, organizational, and industry factors, starting with the design of the project and continuing until the incident.”
Physical factors were placed in two general categories:
1.Inherent vulnerabilities in the spillway design as-constructed and subsequent chute slab deterioration
2. Poor spillway foundation conditions in some locations
Human, Organizational and Industry factors were cited as:
“Normalization” of drain flows and cracking in repeated inspections (starting in the early 1970s after initial slab cracking and high drain flows in the late 1960s)
Decision (in February 2017) to accept use of emergency spillway against civil/geological advice.
In the end, the team determined “There were many opportunities to intervene and prevent the incident, but the overall system of interconnected factors operated in a way that these opportunities were missed.”
Specific to DWR, the report says:
“The dam safety culture and program within DWR … was still relatively immature at the time of the incident and has been too reliant on regulators and the regulatory process.”
“… DWR has been somewhat overconfident and complacent regarding the integrity of its civil infrastructure and has tended to emphasize shorter-term operational considerations … [resulting] in strained internal relationships and inadequate priority for dam safety.”
Lessons learned
In the end, the lessons learned are probably the most important take-away from the incident and provide a way forward for dam safety worldwide. They are:
1. Dam owners must develop and maintain mature dam safety management programs which are based on a strong “top-down” dam safety culture. There should be one executive specifically charged with overall responsibility for dam safety, and this executive should be fully aware of dam safety concerns and prioritizations through direct and regular reporting from a designated dam safety professional, to ensure that “the balance is right” in terms of the organization’s priorities.
2. More frequent physical inspections are not always sufficient to identify risks and manage safety.
3. Periodic comprehensive reviews of original design and construction and subsequent performance are imperative. These reviews should be based on complete records and need to be more in-depth than periodic general reviews, such as the current FERC-mandated five-year reviews.
4. Appurtenant structures associated with dams, such as spillways, outlet works, power plants, etc., must be given attention by qualified individuals. This attention should be commensurate with the risks that the facilities pose to the public, the environment, and dam owners, including risks associated with events which may not result in uncontrolled release of reservoirs, but are still highly consequential.
5. Shortcomings of the current Potential Failure Mode Analysis (PFMA) processes in dealing with complex systems must be recognized and addressed. A critical review of these processes in dam safety practice is warranted, comparing their strengths and weaknesses with risk assessment processes used in other industries worldwide and by other federal agencies. Evolution of “best practice” must continue by supplementing current practice with new approaches, as appropriate.
6. Compliance with regulatory requirements is not sufficient to manage risk and meet dam owners’ legal and ethical responsibilities.
Bottom lineAs the report succinctly states:
“The fact that this incident happened to the owner of the tallest dam in the United States, under regulation of a federal agency, with repeated evaluation by reputable outside consultants, in a state with a leading dam safety regulatory program, is a wake-up call for everyone involved in dam safety.
By Adrian Piers
Agriculture, Fisheries and Aquaculture Consulting
East African Community and SADC Region
Striker Walter Bwalya has revealed that money has motivated his plan to dump Nkana and join Algerian side MC Alger.
Bwalya has sneaked out of the country to negotiate a move at Alger.
“I want to play for MC Alger and they should just negotiate with Nkana for me to move here,” Bwalya was quoted by Times of Zambia.
“The club is offering more money than Nkana, that’s why I want to move,” he adds.
The striker has one year left on his current deal at Nkana.
Nkana have opposed Bwalya’s proposed move to Algeria.
“We shall not negotiate with them until they bring Walter back and handle the transfer in a proper and professional manner, his return to Zambia is part of the condition to negotiate,” Nkana president Kabilia said.
“The problem is with Walter himself, let him be truthful, is it the money they have given him that is confusing him? I know what they are trying to do here. They are in Algeria but they will end up taking him to France where there is a bigger offer,” Kabilia fumed.
Minister of General Education Dennis Wanchinga flag off the distribution of water,sanitation and hygiene wash materials in Lusaka
The Ministry of General Education has flagged off the distribution of hand washing equipment worth US$75, 000.00 to various schools around the country.
This is in order to promote hygiene in the fight against cholera.
The UNICEF and UKAID sponsored consignment of 3,500 anti-cholera kits which comprise a bucket, stand , basin and soap will be distributed to selected schools in Northwestern, Luapula and Copperbelt provinces, respectively.
Minister of General Education Dennis Wanchinga said yesterday at occasion held at his ministerial office that government remains committed to combating cholera by providing facilities that will promote high standards of hygiene among school going children and communities.
Dr Wanchinga said government has recognized the need for serious investment in water reticulation because much of school programmes such as the feeding programme and girl child menstrual hygiene all depend on the ready supply of clean and safe water.
He challenged Zambians to change their behavior concerning waste management and disposal in order to avert unwanted outbreaks of pandemics such as cholera .
In recent months , Lusaka has been ravaged by escalating cases of cholera with over 2, 800 cases reported and over 50 deaths recorded.
And Dr Wanchinga , who is also acting Minister of Higher Education, has quashed any hopes of private and public schools in non-cholera infested areas opening early amidst the prevailing cholera pandemic.
This is because government cannot take any chance because both public and private schools remain susceptible to contracting cholera through cross contamination as a result of mobility of people.
Dr Wanchinga said all schools will remain closed until further notice from the Ministry of Health.
And Ministry of General Education Permanent Secretary Henry Tukombe said government is working tirelessly to ensure that cholera is contained and a safe environment is provided.
Mr. Tukombe said all learning institutions in Lusaka have all complied with the provisions of SI 79.
Minister of General Education Dennis Wanchinga hand washing after he flagged off the distribution of water,sanitation and hygiene wash materials in Lusaka
Agriculture Minister Dora Siliya says former Foreign Affairs Minister Harry Kalaba is a holistically impotent man whose claims of corruption in government are baseless.
Ms Siliya told Journalists in Lusaka that Mr Kalaba’s resignation was an effort to justify his welcome resignation.
“Harry Kalaba is damaging his own reputation which is fast fading out”, she said.
She said it is extremely disheartening that Mr. Kalaba is beginning to have delusions on corruption in government without substantiating his blanket claims, which are only damaging his already fading reputation.
Ms. Siliya says it is unbecoming for people that held senior government positions like Mr. Kalaba and Mr Chishimba Kambwili trying to gain popularity by disparaging the same government that has helped them get to where they are.
“I knew those guys (Kalaba and Kambwili) before PF formed government, they were extremely poor to say the least”, she said.
Ms. Siliya added that she remains hopeful that Mr. kalaba would reflect and desist from disparaging his former colleagues.
She has since called for decency when dealing with government matters.
“Its annoying that these former PF members are insulting the Head of State. Some of them are tempering with their already fading political popularity no wonder some people allergy that they are holistically impotent”, she claimed.
Hakainde HichilemaUPND Leader Hakainde Hichilema has emphasized that he is not setting any conditions before participating in the much talked about political dialogue.
The UPND Leader tells QTV News in a statement that he is very willing and availability to participate in the upcoming dialogue process.
Mr. Hichilema believes that the only way for political leaders to resolve issues affecting the country is through genuine and unconditional dialogue.
Mr. Hichilema has also agreed with the stance of the three church mother bodies namely Evangelical Fellowship of Zambia (EFZ), Zambia Conference of Catholic Bishops (ZCCB), and the Christian Council of Zambia (CCZ) that there is too much corruption in the PF Government.
He says there is no doubt that a lot of resources which could have been deployed in the social and productive sectors such as health, education, farming and others, have been looted in broad daylight.
He adds that this looting amounts to economic sabotage.
The UPND Leader says he is also vindicated that corruption is being tolerated with impunity at all levels of Government.
One of the Donated TrucksThe Somali Community in Zambia has donated 35 trucks to the government which will be used for garbage collection.
Community Chairperson Mohamud Mohamed says of the 35 trucks donated 10 have been allocated to Ndola while 25 have been allocated to Lusaka.
Mr. Mohamed says the Somali community is concerned with the increase in cholera cases hence the donation of trucks to supplement government efforts in fighting the disease.
And Some of the donated trucks are already being used collecting garbage in Lusaka’s Garden and Chaisa compounds where residents have conducted a cleanup exercise.
Ngwerere Ward 19 Councilor Adrian Banda has expressed happiness over the full participation of the residents in the ward.
Mr. Banda has also hailed the Somali community for the donated trucks.
And Chaisa ward 20 councilor Ruth Phiri says the cleanup exercise is not once off as it will continue in the area.
This is the first time the Somali community in zambia is making such a huge donation to the Zambian government, this is because the newly elected Somali community in zambia chairperson Mr Mohamud Mahamud Grew up in zambia and understands a lot about the Zambian culture which has prompted him to help the Zambian government in the fight against cholera.
The Chambeshi water and sewerage company ( CWSC ) says it will this year install water pipes in a bid to supply clean and safe drinking water in Luwingu District of the northern province.
Chambeshi water and sewerage district coordinator Sunny Banda disclosed this during the cholera epidemic preparedness meeting held at the council chamber yesterday.
Mr. Banda noted that Chelstone compound especially has had no piped water and the community in the area draws water from the contaminated shallow wells and the nearby contaminated streams.
He assured the epidemic preparedness committee that the company will start installing piped water in Chelstone compound within the period of 29 days.
Mr. Banda said the move will help the Luwingu town council to burry contaminated wells in order to reduce water borne related cases such as diarrhea and dysentery.
And Luwingu district commissioner Patrick Chanda has appealed to chambeshi water and sewerage company to constantly supply water to avoid water borne toilets from being contaminated when they is erratic supply.
He called on the village headmen to also sensitize their subordinates to ensure that personal hygiene is highly observed in their localities.
Mr. Chanda said that village headmen and their subordinates should adhere to preventive measures such as washing their hands whenever they have used the toilets, boil drinking water, cover their foods and avoid overcrowding.
Meanwhile Mr. Chanda has instructed health inspectors to inspect bars, restaurants and guest houses to check on the sanitary conditions and recommend for closure of premises that are unfit for public use.
He warned that those who will not comply with the instruction will have their business premises closed because the move is aimed at avoiding cholera and any other diarrhea outbreaks.
Government has increased the number of social cash transfer beneficiaries in Nchelenge district from 5,415 last year to 10,716 this year.
Nchelenge District Social Welfare Officer Ruth Kamanga said about 357 more people are expected to be enlisted on the social cash transfer programme this year.
Ms. Kamanga told ZANIS that the increase shows that government was committed to ensure that lives of the vulnerable people are improved.
She disclosed that government has already disbursed funds for all the new beneficiaries.
She added that the Zambia Postal Services has already commenced the three bi- monthly social cash transfer payments.
Ms. Kamanga explained that the programme has helped the vulnerable people in society as they are now able buy and rear small livestock which they allow to multiply.
She added that beneficiaries subsequently sell their livestock to pay for their children’s school fees and other requirement.
Ms. Kananga also disclosed that government has disbursed about K70, 000 public welfare assistant scheme (PWAS) funds for 112 pupils in the district.
The 112 vulnerable pupils are in grades 8 to 12 at various schools in Nchelenge district.
Acting Chadiza District Commissioner Gerald Tembo has urged youths to embrace the culture of repaying loans they obtain from the youth empowerment Fund.
Mr. Tembo says doing this would enable more groups to benefit from the revolving funds being provided by government.
He said previously government has allocated funds to youth groups but only a small amount has been recovered.
ZANIS reports that the acting District Commissioner was speaking in Chadiza yesterday when he handed over a motorized cargo tri-cycle to the Reformed Church in Zambia Chadiza Youth Group as part of the empowerment scheme.
“This tri-cycle is under the youth empowerment scheme which is within the action plan for youth empowerment and employment action plan that was launched by President Edgar Lungu in 2015,” Mr. Tembo Said.
And Reformed Church in Zambia (RCZ) Minister in Charge James Mphanza thanked President Edgar Lungu for initiating the provision of the vehicles to youth clubs as this will enable young people to engage in entrepreneurial transportation ventures.
Rev. Mphanza said the Cargo tri-cycle scheme will go a long way in actualizing the objectives contained in the youth empowerment and employment action plan.
And speaking on behalf of the youths, Aaron Zulu described the occasion as another mile stone by the present administration in the state to uplift standard of living of people, especially the youths.
Mr. Zulu said the occasion was unique, because the leaders of tomorrow and strength of the society are benefiting from government.
Chief Machiya of the Lamba speaking people (right) accompanied by Chiefteness Malembeka (centre) and chief Chona (far left) during the open defecation free (ODF) celebration of Machiya chiefdom in Mpongwe districtChiefteness Malembeka of the Lamba speaking people in Mpongwe District has directed all shop owners in her chiefdom to construct toilet facilities or face closure .
Addressing marketeers at ibenga Market this morning, the traditional leader further implored her subjects to practice good hygiene standards in a bid to avert the spread of cholera which has taken toll in most parts of the country.
The traditional leader has further directed all traders in the area To stop selling traditional beverages such as Munkoyo which she said were breeding grounds for the epidemic.
Chiefteness Malembeka said cholera has hit most parts of the country and that no area was immune to the waterborne disease hence the need for all citizens to take an active role in combating the spread of the disease.
And Chitambo District Council in Central Province has constructed 10 VIP toilets across the District in bid to prevent the outbreak of cholera in the area.
District Council Chairperson Lastone Chibuye, who commissioned the toilets in Mukando area today, disclosed that the facilities were constructed at a cost of more than K140, 000.
Mr. Chibuye said Chitambo, is a transit point for people travelling to Nakonde and Mansa, hence the need for the District to have pleasant toilets facilities.
“Access to clean and safe toilet facilities is cardinal in ensuring that our district is not hit by cholera or any other communicable diseases,” he said.
And speaking at the same function, District Clinical care officer John Mununga urged residents to always use a toilet to answer the call of nature and avoid open defecation.
“Prevention is our own responsibility, it doesn’t require us to use money, we can clean our own surroundings and keep our toilets clean and safe, it will cost us nothing,” he said.
Cholera can lead to dehydration or even death if untreated, it is caused by Vibrio Cholarea bacteria which is mostly found in food or water.
