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Cyber Security and Cyber Crimes bill to be amended to deal with people who abuse cyberspace

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Minister of Technology and Science Felix Mutati has announced that the Cyber Security and Cyber Crimes Act will be tabled in the next sitting of Parliament for Amendment.

Speaking at the Government Engagement Discussion on Cloud and Cyber Security today, the Minister said Cyber Security and Cybercrime are among the biggest threats to Zambia, hence the need to amend the laws.

He said that once amended the law will ensure that people who abuse cyberspace are dealt with and has called on stakeholders in the sector to submit their input before the Act is presented before parliament.

And Liquid Intelligent Technologies Chief Executive Officer Mark Townsend said the government needs to provide clear positions around data storage and Cyber Security Laws.
Mr. Townsend said there is also a need for the establishment of a data protection office that will provide the administrative framework of how organizations dealing with data and data storage should be compliant.

On Tuesday, 23rd March, 2021, former President Edgar Lungu assented into law the Cyber Security and Cyber Bill of 2021 and hoped the law will bring sanity to the way the internet is used in Zambia.

“This is purely to protect citizens from abuse by people who feel they can do or say whatever they want using the veil of cyberspace. This law is aimed at protecting all Zambians, including those who are against it,” President Lungu said.

The President said the Bill was brought to his office and he scrutinized it before he assented to it.

“l could not have signed it if I was not convinced it is for the good of all Zambians. I have read through and it is perfect, ” he noted at the time

The objects of the Bill were to ensure the provision of cybersecurity in the Republic, provide for the protection of persons against cybercrime, provide for child online protection and facilitate identification, declaration, and protection of critical information infrastructure.

Others are to provide for the collection of and preservation of evidence of computer and network related crime, revise the admission, in criminal matters, of electronic evidence, provide for the registration of cybersecurity services providers; and provide for matters connected with, or incidental to, the foregoing.

Immediately after the bill was signed, UPND Spokesperson, Cornelius Mweetwa announced that President Hakainde Hichilema had set the repealing of the infamous Cyber Security and Cyber Crime Bill NAB2 as his number one priority once he is ushered into office on August 12.

Mr Mweetwa at the time called on party members to be wary of sharing information that has the potential to land them in trouble with the authorities.

“We want to tell the nation that HH has committed to repealing the Cyber Security [and Cyber Crimes Bill]. That’s one of the things he will do ever. He has committed to that. Look! The freedoms of the people of this country have been invaded,” he said.

He also alleged at the time that the PF has turned the public media into its tool for propaganda, accusing the ruling party of feeding Zambians on a menu of lies.

“When you talk about the public broadcaster, it is not what people say that should be heard, it is what the State want people to hear. Feeding the nation on a menu of lies. The only platform that remained for people to communicate information was social media and now they have gone into that space to shrink it,” he charged Mweetwa.

Celebrating an IMF Loan shows why Zambia really needs free education

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Opposition National Democratic Congress Party President Saboi Imboela has said that he will not be joining those celebrating the long awaited US$ 1.3 billion Extended Credit Facility for Zambia has been concluded successfully.

In a post on her Facebook page Ms Imboela said that the country can raise its own resources here than rush to IMF loans, a view that president Hakainde Hichilema had while he was in opposition and wondered why and how he changed his mind.

Ms Imboela said that the problem with IMF is that they prescribed the same solutions to all countries despite the fact that countries have different problems and their solutions have not helped.

According to the IMF press release, the organisation rates Zambia’s commitment to economic reform as strong and the deal is a 3 year programme (38 months to be precise) and the value of the programme is US$1.3 billion. IMF will support Zambia’s actions to improve macro economic stability and and notably increase social spending, highlighted by the introduction of free education and recruitment of 41,000 health and education workers.

The IMF also acknowledged that the official creditors for supporting the Zambia’s reform agenda via debt restriction and encourages the private creditors to do the same.
Also interesting to note is this statement in the IMF’s official announcement:

Below is Ms Imboela full post

CELEBRATING AN IMF LOAN SHOWS WHY ZAMBIA REALLY NEEDS FREE EDUCATION UP TO TERTIARY LEVEL

I sat in class for many years in a local and then an international university. Not one day did any of them ever tell me that getting an IMF loan was good for any African country.

All assignments I ever wrote spoke to my understanding of IMF and the World Bank loans being bad for Africa. Their conditionalities called ‘The Washington Consensus,’ prescribed things that injured the African economies.

They said they gave the same prescriptions to all African countries despite specific problems for each country. It was said that sometimes as you signed the loan contracts and the Structural Adjustment Programmes, SAP, that came with them, you could find the name of another country there, because they just uplifted the contract from this country to another.

This is tantamount to giving one type of medicine to everyone despite their sickness. So everyone who is sick of malaria, covid, arthritis, diabetes, etc, are just given coatem.

So forgive me my fellow Zambians, especially praise singers and others that may be celebrating the IMF loan, but I will certainly not celebrate with you. This is not politics but my own opinion I made even before I ever joined politics, and something I have said throughout my political journey.

I have said it consistently that we can raise our own resources in Zambia than rush to IMF loans. This is the view that president HH had while he was in opposition and I don’t know why and how he changed his mind, but some of us still hold that view.

Like many Development scholars, including our very own Dambisa Moyo said in her book DEAD AID, these loans have never developed any African country but instead just made us poorer and more dependant on the West.

So maybe I have concentrated on politics of late and I have not updated my information on how African countries have been faring in the past few years, and if the situation has changed in regards our benefits to such loans. But what I can say is that debt dependency is a curse and not a blessing to us.

I have shared how, among the many development paradigms, the Comparative Advantage one remains my favourite. It talks of how we should use what we have to develop. We have minerals, water, vast arable land, etc. Why always beg???

So forgive some of us, because we don’t make decisions and begin to celebrate things all because politicians and their allies say it’s good. We depend on our own analysis to make an opinion on the matter.

Not that everyone who did Development Studies and Political Science will have my exact views, but my humble education passed me through a process where I am able to make my own informed view on the matter and not be swayed by other politicians and their praise singers. So I repeat- the IMF loan is NOT good for us. It has never been good and it will never be.

However, I would like to congratulate President HH and the UPND for finally getting this loan that they have been crying about. Some of us don’t want it, but the country has almost been on a standstill just waiting on this loan. They have placed too many solutions and almost every hope in getting this.

So hope things will now be better according to what they have been telling us. Debt restructuring will now be possible and give them the much needed breather. It is the only thing I’m also happy for them for. And that is the advantage of being in the driving seat as a party or government.

Because whatever all of us say, it remains their responsibility and decision to make as to whether we take such loans or not. The UPND and HH, you are deciding whether we drink tea or poison. And the IMF is poison, but you have decided that we take it, so this is what we shall drink as Zambians under your able leadership.

Lastly, you decided that we take this loan despite the facts that you already know. So congratulations for that and from the bottom of my heart and for the sake of Zambia, I really hope and pray that the results of this loan will be as you are saying and not the misery that has come with it on this continent, including our own country when we had to undergo the SAPs in the early 1990s. Because as always, it will be the poor that will suffer most from the consequences of this decision. The very praise singers will sing no more.

Saboi Imboela
President- NDC

Greatness for Zambia lies ahead after IMF deal-HH

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President Hakainde Hichilema has said that greatness for Zambia lies ahead after the International Monetary Fund approved the 1.3 billion dollars loan for the country.

The Head of State said when he launched the 8th National Development Plan 2022-2026 under the theme “Social Economic Transformation for improved livelihood” that citizens should familiarize themselves with the details of the deal which have been made public.

The President said the IMF loan contains social economic policies anchored on development outcomes of the 8th National Development Plan adding that underlying policies of these outcomes are homegrown contrary to assertions by some quarters of society that this is a foreign programme.

He explained that the micro-economic objectives set out in the 8th NDP include; placing the country’s economy on a higher growth trajectory, restrain fiscal deficit, enhance domestic revenue mobilization, curtail accumulation of domestic arrears, contain inflation, maintain adequate international reserves and reduce debt to sustainable levels.

President Hichilema said with the attainment of the objectives set out in the ambitious but realistic plan, government expects to address the challenge of poverty, enhance economic diversification and reduce high inequality levels among Zambians.

And the Zambia-China Friendship Association has paid tribute to President Hakainde Hichilema and his economic management team for successfully negotiating the 1.3 billion dollars extended credit facility with the International Monetary Fund.

Association Secretary General Dr. Fredrick Mutesa says the Association also takes note of the role China played in the credit restructuring talks with the bilateral partners that paved the way for the IMF milestone that the country is celebrating yesterday.

Dr. Mutesa said that working together with China and other members of the international community, the Association is confident that Zambia is poised for rapid economic recovery, growth and development.

Zambian born Monde Muyangwa sworn in as USAID Assistant Administer for Africa

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Globally respected Zambian born leader Dr Monde Muyangwa has been sworn in as New Assistant Administrator for Africa.

This follows her recent ratification by the US Senate.

Born in Mongu, Dr Muyangwa, a graduate of UNZA and Oxford will oversee all USAID’s programmes across the African continent.

In administering the oath of office, USAID Administer Samantha Power described Dr Muyangwa as a as a globally respected thought leader on U.S.-Africa relations with unmatched credentials who has dedicated her career to advancing US-Africa relations.

Below is the full transcript of Ms. Power’s remarks at the swearing-in ceremony for Dr Muyangwa.

ADMINISTRATOR SAMANTHA POWER AT THE SWEARING-IN CEREMONY OF DR. MONDE MUYANGWA AS USAID ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR, BUREAU FOR AFRICA

Remarks
For Immediate Release
Thursday, September 1, 2022
Ronald Reagan Building
As Prepared

ADMINISTRATOR POWER: Good morning, everyone. Thank you, Isobel, for kicking us off, and thank you all for joining us today.
Before we get started, I’d like to welcome a few very special people here with us in-person today that I just had the pleasure of meeting. First, I’d like to welcome Monde’s husband, Dr. David Kaloustian. Also with us is David and Monde’s wonderful daughter, Inonge. Like her parents, she will soon have a few extra letters to her name when she earns a Master of Health Sciences in Epidemiology from Johns Hopkins next year. Good luck, Inonge, and welcome to you both!
We also have quite the crew joining us virtually. A special welcome to David’s father, and one of Monde’s biggest supporters, Ara Kaloustian. And tuning in from Zambia, is her mother, Namukulo. Namukulo and Monde’s late father, Mbaale are parents to twelve wonderful children – many of whom are watching today. We also have cousins, nieces, nephews, and brothers and sisters-in-law watching. I wish I could individually thank you all for watching, but we do need to swear-in Monde today! So, thank you all for joining us to celebrate your sister, your aunt, your cousin, or your sister-in-law, Dr. Monde Muyangwa, as she officially becomes our newest Assistant Administrator for the Bureau for Africa.

Monde was Born in Zambia just before the country gained its independence in 1964. And around that time, her family wanted to contribute to the newly freed nation’s development, so, as Monde says: “education became the family business.” Her parents became teachers while others became principals and school administrators.

Monde’s parents moved to rural Zambia to teach. There, it was uncommon for girls to go to school, but every Muyangwa was expected to attend. One of the biggest advocates of their schooling was Monde’s grandmother, who never had the chance at her own formal education.

And one of her grandmother’s closest allies in this crusade was Monde herself. As the second oldest and someone who quickly understood the great opportunities that education can provide, Monde didn’t tolerate any apathy from her siblings when it came to their schooling.

Her brother, Mubiana, said: “Monde won’t let you sit on your laurels. If you can’t be accountable, she will make you.” And her sister, Masiliso, said: “She is a tough woman who won’t take unacceptable behavior from anyone.”

As Monde embarked on her own educational journey, it became clearer and clearer that she, like her family, wanted to give back to her country. Her passion for service kicked-off when she moved to the capital, Lusaka, to live with her Aunt and Uncle and attend secondary school.

In Lusaka, she experienced an entirely new world. Every night, Monde and her family gathered around the TV and watched the news together. Each broadcast exposed her to the deep need in her own country and the need around the world.
These nightly news updates cemented her passion for global affairs, and upon graduation from secondary school, she went on to study Public Administration and Economics at the University of Zambia. There, Monde was one of the University’s top students, and also captain of the basketball team, the UNZA Honeys.
Instead of going pro, Monde stuck to her roots and pursued even more education. Knowing she wanted to do everything in her power to give back to Zambia and the African continent, she moved to Oxford, England where she earned another bachelors, became a Rhodes Scholar, and received a PhD in International Relations.
As fate would have it, her education led her to her husband David, who was working towards his doctorate at Oxford at the same time. Quickly after their graduation, Monde and David tied the knot and just last month celebrated their 27th anniversary.

After their wedding, they moved to David’s home here in the United States. Intent on supporting Africa from thousands of miles away, Monde began working for non-profits and eventually found herself at the Africa Center for Strategic Studies at the National Defense University, where she served as a professor then Academic Dean.
As her colleague, Raymond Gilpin – who is here with us today – put it: “Monde was not an armchair dean. She routinely rolled up her sleeves to get the job done.”

And as Raymond recalls, Monde’s hands-on approach came in handy when the Africa Center worked to broker the first-ever ministerial communique on maritime security in the Gulf of Guinea. The night of the final deadline, the parties were getting weary and the entire agreement was in jeopardy of falling apart. But undaunted, Monde shuttled between three different hotels throughout the night to pull the parties back to the table and work out the details. In Raymond’s words “because of Monde’s tirelessness and toughness, by the next morning they reached an agreement.”

And that’s who Monde has always been – tough. Chidi Blyden, who worked with Monde at the Africa Center – and is also here with us today – put it best, saying: “Monde is the stuff that tough is made of.”
Monde may be tough, but she is also renowned for her nurturing side. Her husband David said, “Monde is always there for others with helpful advice, encouragement, and her own glowing example of integrity, humility, and hard-earned wisdom.”
These qualities were evident at the Woodrow Wilson Center, where she was Director of the Africa Program.
According to Robert Litwak, the Center’s Senior Vice President for Scholars, “Monde brought Africa to Washington.” She oversaw the Center’s ‘Southern Voices Network for Peacebuilding’ that awarded fellowships to young specialists from academia and non-governmental organizations from across Africa to come and share their perspectives while gaining familiarity with the U.S. policy on African related issues.
Monde worked closely with those young professionals, serving as a strong mentor and an inspiration of African leadership.

And now, after a long confirmation process, Monde joins us at USAID, where I know she will have that same energy.

Monde’s appointment comes at a crucial time for the continent. The Horn of Africa has become the epicenter of the global food crisis. Nearly 20 million people are on the brink of starvation in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia due to a historic drought caused by an unprecedented four consecutive failed rainy seasons, with a high degree of certainty that a fifth failed season will follow.

And the crisis intensified earlier this year when Vladimir Putin launched his invasion of Ukraine and blocked nearly 20 million tons of grain from leaving Ukrainian ports –a vital source of food for the globe and the already devastated Horn.
Fortunately, after concerted international pressure and diplomacy, grain is once again moving out of Ukrainian ports. Thanks to our partners on the ground – especially those at the UN – in the month of August, Ukraine exported over four million metric tons of grain. While this progress is welcome, millions in the Horn, and across the continent, still need immediate help. So, USAID is stepping up.

Earlier this summer, I announced a contribution of nearly $1.3 billion dollars in humanitarian and development assistance to the Horn. This assistance is aimed at addressing emergency food needs by providing families with readily available grain like sorghum, and with yellow split peas, and vegetable oil. And in areas where markets are functioning, families are receiving direct cash assistance to help them buy food. These funds are also meant to slow growing rates of malnutrition among children, provide farmers with the resources they need to keep livestock from dying of thirst and starvation, and prevent the spread of waterborne diseases that are often a leading cause of death during droughts.
As we work to end this food crisis, our attention remains on other climate related disasters that are hitting Africa particularly hard, like flash flooding that killed almost 90 people in Sudan last month, or record breaking heat waves that are rendering farmland useless all over the continent.
Countries are also contending with significant debt incurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, as millions of citizens who were thrown into poverty are still working to recover. And the threat of autocracy looms large in Africa as it does throughout the world, especially in the Sahel and West Africa, which witnessed five separate coups over the last two years.

But despite these daunting challenges, make no mistake: Africa offers a wellspring of potential. As advanced economies age, Africa remains the world’s youngest continent, with a young population able to power the continent’s recovery from the pandemic. Together with several countries, we’ve helped distribute over 176 million vaccine doses throughout sub-Saharan Africa, and invested in Africa’s own vaccine manufacturing potential, brought electricity to over 148 million individuals in just under a decade, and supported the continent’s burgeoning tech sector.

And despite democratic setbacks, African citizens are demanding governments that respect their rights and dignity. The recently elected presidents of Malawi and Zambia are leading the way, unseating autocratic incumbents by running on platforms promising to fight corruption, spur economic growth, and strengthen transparency and accountability.

And Monde’s arrival comes as the Biden Administration released the U.S. Strategy Toward sub-Saharan Africa last month. This strategy marks an important milestone for the administration, underscoring something Monde has fiercely advocated throughout her career – a recognition that our nation’s future and the continent’s future are inextricably linked. Our government’s partnership with Africa will be critical to addressing shared global challenges – something we will discuss at the African Leaders Summit this December.

I know Monde, as a globally respected thought leader on U.S.-Africa relations with unmatched credentials, will tap into the opportunities throughout sub-Saharan Africa and will help create many more.

When Monde was confirmed for this position, in her testimony, she recounted her first interaction with USAID. It was not through academia or during her tenure at the Wilson Center, rather, it was as a young girl in Zambia. In the midst of a food shortage, Monde remembers trucks pulling up to her boarding school and workers unloading bags of maize meal embroidered with the USAID logo – one hand outstretched to another in partnership. A unique first impression that made Monde keenly aware of the important work we do here.

Now, after years of devotion to her education, after moving across the ocean and never backing down, Monde will continue to fulfill the commitment she made as a young girl, to give back to Zambia and to give back Africa.

As Assistant Administrator for the Bureau for Africa, Monde will take her turn outstretching her hand to others on behalf of the United States.
Congratulations, Monde. It is now my pleasure to administer the oath of office.

The diminishing role of agriculture in Zambia’s economy

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Edward Chisanga

Some acclaim it as a very important sector. They profess that it can be used to transform Zambia’s economy and much of economic planning in our country is based on this sector. But to what extent do Zambians know numbers about this special sector? How many do and use these numbers when making public pronouncements, in particular of its potential? What numbers can we use to reasonably understand the potential of this sector?

First, a broader context. According to Unctadstat data, World agriculture value added in the gross domestic product (GDP) in absolute values stood at $3.7 trillion in 2020 as Table 1 below shows. The breakdown of developing countries shows that developing countries of Asia, accounting for 63% dominate. Watch Africa’s microscopic absolute value of only $400 billion and share of 7% explaining its global marginalization. It equally explains international trade marginalization in the sector. You can’t export what you don’t have. It also explains why it has not been easy for the continent to transform the sector. Developing countries in Asia have $2.3 trillion in absolute values.

By the way, agriculture value added includes forestry and fishing. Worlddataview explains value added as “The net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs.”

Table 1: World agriculture value added in GDP in $Billions

 

2020

 Share in percentages
World

3,694

 
Developing economies: Asia

2,329

63

Africa

400

11

Latin America and the Caribbean

255

7

Source: Unctadstat

Second, I show how tiny and insignificant Zambia’s agriculture in GDP is in comparison with other African countries. Table 2 below shows that among all the fifty-five African countries and their agriculture value added, Zambia, with only $539 million ranks number 39. In Africa therefore, our country is not competitive and most agriculture is local and on a small scale among the rural population. I wonder how Zambia will compete under the Africa continental free market. When I hear that we have a lot of agricultural products to export, I wonder.

Table 2: African countries’ ranking in agriculture value added in in GDP in $millions

 Ranking Number  

2020

 1 Nigeria

103,792

  Egypt

42,501

  Ethiopia

34,356

  Kenya

23,281

  Algeria

20,756

  Tanzania,

17,896

  Morocco

13,402

  Ghana

13,196

  Côte d’Ivoire

12,208

  DRC

9,552

  Uganda

9,188

  South Africa

7,266

  Mali

6,114

  Cameroon

6,042

  Angola

5,875

  Niger

5,275

  Tunisia

4,604

  Benin

4,229

  Guinea

3,736

  Senegal

3,658

  Mozambique

3,588

  Burkina Faso

3,548

  Chad

3,507

  Madagascar

3,280

  Malawi

2,965

  Rwanda

2,713

  Sierra Leone

2,114

  Liberia

1,828

  Zimbabwe

1,802

  Mauritania

1,598

  Togo

1,424

  Burundi

1,225

  Libya

1,200

  Gabon

1,006

  Somalia

991

  Namibia

968

  South Sudan

913

  Central African Republic

744

  Congo

730

 39 Zambia

539

Source: Unctadstat

Third, performance of agriculture value added in GDP. My research explores performance during MMD rule from 2005-2010 and PF rule of 2011-2020. Despite the small size in absolute values, it was growing all the way up to 2010 during MMD rule as shown in Figure 1 below. But growth shrank during PF rule, from $2.2 billion in 2011 when they took over power down to $539 million in 2020.

Finally, I convert the foregoing numbers of absolute values or dollar values into share of agriculture value added in GDP. Shown in Figure 2 below, Zambia’s share eroded from 16% in 2005 to 3% in 2020. In other words, in the GDP, the role or contribution of agriculture to the economy is as low as 3% which is immensely unfortunate. Agriculture’s role in the economy is low due to low productivity which is also due to low financial and technical investment.

Conclusion

Due to its diminishing role in the economy, how can agriculture champion Zambia’s structural change or value addition, diversification, creation of quality and productive jobs, enable each household to have three good meals a day and generally reduce poverty? More investment is needed. In the past, numbers show that financial investment in agriculture has in fact been dwindling.

Independent candidate accused of planning to withdraw nomination appears before ACC

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Independent candidate in the 15th September Kwacha Parliamentary by-election Lawrence Kasonde Jr has appeared before the Anti Corruption Commission (ACC) in Kitwe over allegations of corrupt acts leveled against him.

The ruling United Party for National Development (UPND) on Tuesday reported the alleged malpractice surrounding the forthcoming by elections in Kabushi and Kwacha Constituencies to the ACC office in Kitwe.

When reporting the alleged electoral malpractices and corrupt acts, UPND Copperbelt Youth Chairman Warren Hinyama and UPND Vice Youth Chairman Kangwa Kamando told journalists that there are four candidates that have been paid by the opposition in Kabushi and Kwacha constituencies.

On Wednesday afternoon, the ACC Kitwe office issued a summon to Mr. Kasonde inviting him to appear before its officials on Thursday morning.

Mr. Kasonde, the former Copperbelt University Students Union President, after appearing before ACC on Thursday vowed that he won’t be intimidated by anyone or anything as he contests the Kwacha Seat.

Mr Kasonde affirmed that his decision to contest the Kwacha Parliamentary Seat was a collective decision by the youths and that he will be in the race until the end.

He added that nothing will deter him from winning the Kwacha by-election.

“I Lawrence Kasonde, one of the candidates in the upcoming Kwacha Constituency by-elections was summoned to appear before the Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) in Kitwe, Zambia. The basis of the summon was based on rumours being circulated by a few individuals who may be politically uncomfortable with our presence in the Kwacha by-elections, the source of our campaign finances and whether or not we had received any bribe, as an incentive to withdraw from or stay in the race. I clarified and cleared the air as we have been conducting our campaigns in line with the provisions of the Electoral Process Act and all applicable laws,” Mr. Kasonde said.

“I also further clarified that the basis of any rumours relating to bribes or corrupt practices which were based on specific rumours, were not substantiated or supported by any facts. In those circumstances, I was released by the ACC following the interview and permitted to continue with my preparations for the election. My advice to such individuals is that they should focus on selling their candidate/s and not fighting with every potential opponent they have. Without fear or favour, our eyes will stay glued on the ball and continue pushing for the youthful agenda. God bless you all and the people of Kwacha Constituency. Together we can. Twende babili te mwenso,” he said.

Earlier on Wednesday, Mr. Kasonde had confirmed receiving summons from ACC in relation to the Kwacha Constituency by-elections.

In a facebook post, Mr. Kasonde alleged that UPND officials have wanted to influence him in relation to the Kwacha by-election.

“I received summon from the Anti-Corruption Commission with respect to the ongoing Kwacha Constituency by-elections after being reported by some UPND officials. My advice to the UPND is that it should put its house in order and learn to communicate amongst themselves because it is them that have been calling and texting and making all sorts of offers with regards to the elections. Before some conversations and calls of some officials are exposed, The UPND should sit down as a party and focus on campaigning for their candidate in Kwacha before they are hit with a shock,” he posted on Wednesday.

“The decision to contest in the coming Kwacha Constituency by-elections was not influenced by any individual but by the need for a youthful voice in decision making. UPND promised us the young people a conducive environment for equal opportunity and not the threats and intimidation we have started receiving. Let the people of Kwacha decide freely and fairly. No amount of silver or gold is worth buying the youthful agenda. Kwacha is bigger than an individual or political party,” Mr. Kasonde stated.

The IMF Deal will end in tears

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By Fred M’membe President of the Socialist Party

Tonight, their much anticipated IMF program may kick in. Those in power will make a lot of noise about this loan in the days to come. They will sing hymns of self-praise for securing the bailout and attempt to drive out any reasonable voice that warns about the adverse consequences of the deal.

But it is just a matter of time before Zambians realise that there is no future in the past. We have been on this route before and it has not worked for us. It is not the first time Zambia is going to the IMF. UNIP under president Kenneth Kaunda went to the IMF in the 1980s though KK was quick to abandon the Brettonwood institution after they failed to answer his famous question: “are you able to design a program that will not require me to kill my own people?”

The MMD under Frederick Chiluba went to the IMF in the 1990s. The MMD under Levy Mwanawasa went to the IMF in the early 2000s. Where have all these previous IMF deals left Zambia? In a much terrible place. If anything, they have simply exposed our incapacity as a people to govern ourselves. After winning independence on the ground that we can govern ourselves, does it really make sense for us to subcontract the running of our economy to the IMF, to return to the West and ask them to help us govern ourselves? As Simon Kapwepwe would say, Zambia twasebana!

The greatest beneficiaries of IMF bailout programs in Zambia are usually the same forces: Western companies, South African finance capital and the local businessmen connected to those in power. These forces are usually the ones who buy our state-owned enterprises at cheaper rates on the pretext that they are making losses. It will not be different this time. The poor will be hit hard. The workers will be hit hard. There will be retrenchments. It will end in tears.

Companies that even Chiluba refused to privatise under any circumstances such as ZAMTEL and ZESCO are this time likely to be sold to their business associates or western firms. For years, those in power today told us when they were in opposition that they are very good at business; that the reason why state enterprises make losses is because of political interference from the ruling party and the politicians in power. Now that they are in power themselves, what will be their excuse for selling state enterprises since all they need to do is stop interfering in the operations of ZESCO or ZAMTEL and appoint competent people who can run such companies professionally and like private entities?

We repeat: the lasting solution to Zambia’s economic difficulties does not lie in the IMF. It lies in the collection of fair and adequate revenue from the mining sector for support to secondary industries such as manufacturing. It lies in the development of the arts, hugely important industry that those in power today have reduced to a footnote in a ministry! It lies in increased state support to agriculture and enhanced food security, but those in power today are quick to listen to the IMF and remove subsidies on farming inputs even when the US and other Western countries still subsidise their own agriculture industry. It lies in increased state investment to social sectors such as education and health.

And by education, we do not mean free education up to Grade 12. That is a racist colonial policy that was formulated on the premise that Africans only need basic or elementary education, not higher education. Only honorary whites in black skins can continue implementing such stupid policies. By investment in education, we mean free education up to university level because no country in the world has ever developed using primary or secondary school graduates.

We mean adequate funding to public universities to enable them function without disruptions, to afford our researchers the necessary funds they require to conduct research in social sciences and to support their scientific discoveries and technological advances. We have some of the most brilliant scientists in this country at UNZA, CBU and other public universities whose talents are going to waste because of lack of state support towards their research activities. This must shame us all because we have let down these people. We mean the provision of students’ living or meal allowances so that they can learn on full stomachs as opposed to the distractions caused by not knowing where their next meal will come from.

And when we say increased investment in health, we do not mean the employment of security guards and general workers and the designation of these people as ‘health workers’ in order to hoodwink the masses of our people that over 11, 000 ‘health workers’ have been recruited! We mean the training and recruitment of actual HEALTH workers such as doctors, nurses, midwives, pharmacists, dentists and other professionals who finish school with their diplomas and degrees anxious to work and full of hope, only to find themselves at a dead end, with no one listening to their cry for availability to serve their motherland. Many of them consequently leave Zambia to apply their trade elsewhere, at a great loss to us since we are a country that is acutely lacking health workers.

Where will the money for investment in all these sectors come from?, some of you may ask. From fair collection of taxes from the mining sector. Those in power today cannot collect fair revenue from the mining companies because they have given tax breaks to these firms. No wonder the mining companies were saying they could not wait for them to get into power in the run-up to last year’s elections. Mining firms knew that they would only be paying little tax. Zambia’s situation will even be worse now with the passing of Statutory Instrument No.50 of 2022 that offers rebates, refunds and remissions to the mines. With all the noises going on over the two by – elections, many people have understandably missed this SI whose effect is that the poor Zambian masses will, henceforth, be subsidising private mines while being told these are “investments” for their benefits. The cynical cruelty of it all beats the mind.

The SI in question (and we invite readers to read it) simply means that we have in State House (or is it Community House since Statw House is too dilapidated for him?) a generous president who is providing for his supporters such as FQM who will save millions on their announced investment. The implication is damning. If FQM says it is investing US 1.3 billion dollars in Zambia, and half of it is in imports of “capital goods” (mining equipment) it will not pay tax – it will be refunded should it pay as part of the import transactions.

With the capital/labour ratio in mining heavily tilted to capital (all mining investments these days are heavy duty and high tech mining dependent and not labour based), the remaining “investment” will be used on a tiny Zambian workforce in lower and perhaps middle level jobs. Meanwhile, the profits of the shareholders are boosted because input costs are lowered because of these tax “incentives” which are in fact transferred onto the ordinary Zambians as losses from mining operations. In effect, they are government subsidies to finance capital and losses to the Zambians via reduced taxes. The IMF deal is facilitating all this madness, yet these people and their supporters in the Brenthurst Foundation, who are involved in designing a low mining tax policy, want us to cheer them on. Aikona man!

Those in power today cannot collect fair revenue from the mines because they have vested interests in this crucial sector, as they do in the beef industry. All these things will come to light one day and Zambians will know the kind of greedy leaders they are dealing with and supporting blindly. It is important to accept that the mining sector is now heavily reliant on technology and will never again create thousands of jobs as it did previously. The best we can do is to collect a fair share of taxes from our depleting natural wealth or leave the metals underground since they won’t rot. But will those in power listen? No, they only listen to their white friends in the EU, or those from the Brenthurst Foundation. Poor and ordinary Zambians have no voice in this government. To these masses of our people, we have only one request: the next time we say “Zivotele”, please pay attention!

Anyway, let them celebrate their dreadful IMF deal today, whose conditions must be so ghastly that they are too afraid or embarrassed to even publish them. At least those in power today won’t blame anyone for the political fallout that is surely coming as a result of implementing a dreadful IMF deal. Nipano tuli.

Kabwe Warriors Beat Champions Arrows

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Red Arrows on Thursday suffered an early season setback in their FAZ Super League title defence when they lost 1- away at Kabwe Warriors.

The defeat came five days after Arrows beat their rivals and predecessors Zesco United by the same margin away in Ndola in a match billed as an early indicator of the2022/23 title race.

Arrows result against Zesco is the only game they have so far scored a league goal.

But Warriors brought Arrows back to Earth on Thursday at Railways Ground in Kabwe to hand the defending champions their first league loss after three rounds played.

Warriors sealed the 3 points as early as the 7th minute when Chipolopolo defender Dominic Chanda headed in a cross from Ocean Mushure.

The result also handed Warriors their first win of the season and also for new coach George Lwandamina and sees them join Arrows in mid-table on 4 points.

Arrows loss also sees them miss a great opportunity to move top of the table where Power Dynamos currently lead on 6 points.

Banda Bangs Brace On Shepolopolo Comeback Trail

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Shepolopolo Zambia opened the 2022 COSAFA Women’s Championship with a 2-0 win over Namibia on Thursday at the Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium in South Africa.

Zambia captain and striker Barbra Banda was the star of the day after grabbing a brace in the Group B match against the Namibians.

Banda handed Zambia an early lead with a third minute goal after being set up by midfielder Ireen Lungu.

The second goal came late after 71 minutes to ensure Zambia kicked off the campaign with victory.

Banda was unable to continue the match due to injury and was replaced by debutant Eneless Phiri.

She was voted player of the match.

Meanwhile, Shepolopolo’s next match will be against Lesotho on 4 September.

Lesotho is topping Group B on goals after thumping Eswatini 3-0 in the group opener earlier on Thursday afternoon.

Africa needs USD 64 Billion for Water Investment Annually

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The African Union Development Agency says the continent needs to invest Sixty-Four (64) Billion United States Dollars towards water and sanitation services on an annual basis if the livelihoods of communities in Africa are to improve.

Speaking when she addressed the International High-Level Panel on Water Investments for Africa during the 2022 Stockholm World Water Week, African Union Development Agency Chief Executive Officer, Ms Nardos Bekele-Thomas, stated that of the 64 billion dollars needed for investment, only 10 billion to 19 billion dollars is invested each year, leaving Africa with an investment gap of 45 million to 54 billion dollars annually.

Ms Nardos Bekele-Thomas said there is no conceivable way that Africa can achieve its developmental agenda without a rapid acceleration of investment into the continent’s water and sanitation infrastructure, systems, financing mechanisms, and institutional framework.

“Project preparation, lack of financing, and execution have been identified as key obstacles to advancing the water sector agenda in Africa,” Ms Bekele-Thomas said

She noted that the African Union Development Agency – New Partnership for Africa’s Development established and operating pursuit to the assembly Decision (AUDA-NEPAD) will continue with sustained efforts to mobilize partners, including Direct Financing Institutions, the private sector and others, to support the transformation of the investment outlook for Program for Infrastructure Development in Africa.

Ms Bekele-Thomas added that the transboundary water projects will through the Scorecard report biannually to the Africa Union (AU) Assembly on the progress in tracking, gaps, and bottlenecks in the mobilization of water investments.

Meanwhile, Minister of Water Development and Sanitation Mike Mposha stated that the private sector is key in ensuring the effective implementation of the Zambia Water Investment Programme through Public-Private Partnerships (PPPS) and other innovative financing initiatives using the blended financing approach.

Speaking at the International High-Level panel on water investments session during World Water Week, in Stockholm, Sweden, Mr Mposha said that there is need to recognise partnerships as an opportunity for all African States and stakeholders to gain inspiration on how similar programmes can be formulated and implemented for all African Countries.

The Minister cited that the Zambia Water Investment Programme should not be seen as an undertaking for Zambia only, but rather it should be viewed as the beginning of many similar initiatives at a country level on the African continent.

The Minister has since encouraged other member States from within the African continent to emulate Zambia on the milestone.

Mr Mposha added that sustainable development, and water security entails that governments and stakeholders must ensure access to adequate quantities of acceptable quality water for all as this is necessary in order to sustain livelihoods, human well-being and socio-economic development.

“This will ensure environmental sustainability, ecosystem preservation and resilience against the negative impacts of climate change and water related hazards such as droughts and floods,” Mr Mposha added

He highlighted that the success factors for attaining national, regional and international water security will depend on how well countries collectively address the enabling

factors such as good governance, transboundary cooperation, peace and political stability, and financing.

“It was clear that the government of the Republic of Zambia would not achieve its aspirations on its own and that it will need to partner with key stakeholders particularly the private sector,” Mr Mposha said

The Water Investments Programme is a Project that is aimed at supporting economic transformation, enhancing resilience through water, while strengthening water and sanitation governance that will ensure that progressive strides are made to enable various communities both in rural and peri-urban areas have access to clean and safe water, improved sanitation levels thus improving the livelihood of the people.

Lusambo arrested and charged for electoral corruption by the Anti-Corruption Commission Zambia

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Yesterday, the former Lusaka Province Minister Bowman Lusambo was arrested and charged for electoral corruption by the Anti-Corruption Commission Zambia.

Mr Lusambo who is also the former Member of Parliament for Kabushi Constituency was arrested and charged with Four (4) counts of Bribery contrary to Section 81 of the Electoral Process Act No. 35 of 2016.

In a statement issued by the Anti-Corruption Commission Public Relations Manager Timothy Moono, highlighted that the offences were committed between 1st April, 2021 and 14th August 2021 in Ndola during the August 2021 General Elections campaign period.

Mr Moono stated that Mr Lusambo’s arrest follows the recent ruling by the Constitutional Court which nullified the election of Mr Lusambo as Member of Parliament for Kabushi Constituency for engaging in electoral corruption.

“Resulting from its decision, the Constitutional Court issued a Report which detailed the electoral malpractices that were perpetrated by Mr Lusambo,” Mr Moono added

He cited that it is on the strength of this Report that the Anti-Corruption Commission instituted investigations into the alleged malpractices and corruption, and the Commission proceeded to record a warn and caution statement from Mr Lusambo and he has subsequently been arrested.

Mr Moono explained that in the first count, Mr Lusambo being a private person namely an aspiring candidate for Kabushi constituency under the Patriotic Front (PF) ticket, jointly and whilst acting together with other persons unknown, corruptly offered K50 and actually gave K50 each to some United Party for National Development (UPND) supporters and actually promised K500 each, 2.5 liters of cooking oil and a bag of mealie meal after the elections.

Mr Moono further explained that in the second count, Mr Lusambo was arrested and charged for corruptly giving K1,300.00 to youths in Lubuto West to share.

Furthermore, in the third count, Mr Lusambo was arrested and charged for corruptly giving K4,000.00 to youths from Kabushi Ward to share.

Additionally, in the fourth count, Mr Lusambo was arrested and charged for corruptly giving K300 each to some women of Saint Kizito Catholic Church after attending mass before the elections.

Mr Moono noted that the offences were committed as an inducement or reward for the recipients of the money from Lusambo for them to vote for him and the Patriotic Front Party in the August 12th 2021 General Elections.

“Mr Lusambo was released on Bond and is expected to appear in court soon,” Mr Moono said

On 28th July, 2022 the Constitutional Court upheld the nullification of the election of Bowman Lusambo as Kabushi Member of Parliament, as he is linked to pre-election violence in Kabushi and distribution of money in breach of electoral rules.

Reading the judgment, Constitutional Court Judge Palan Mulonda noted that the trial Judge was on firm ground when he stated that out of the four violent incidents, Mr Lusambo was present on three different occasions and did not attempt to stop the violence.

Judge Palan Mulonda has further found that the lower Court was on firm ground that it was not a mere coincidence that Mr Lusambo was found with the NATO Forces, who perpetrated violence prior to the August 12, 2021 elections.

Last year, the Ndola High Court nullified the election of Mr Lusambo on grounds of electoral malpractices after the United Party for National Development (UPND) losing candidate Bernard Kanengo petitioned Mr Lusambo of the Patriotic Front (PF) stating that it was characterized by violence and corrupt malpractices before and during the August 12,2021 General elections. But in his appeal Mr Lusambo stated that the trial Judge Edward Musona erred in law when he stated that the Kabushi Lawmaker did not disassociate himself from the violence and did not attempt to stop it.

Despite this nullification paving way for a By-Election in Kabushi Constituency, the Electoral Commission of Zambia (ECZ) rejected the nomination papers for Mr Lusambo on the basis that he does not qualify to recontest the Kabushi seat that was nullified by the Constitutional Court citing to Article 72 (4) of the Constitution of Zambia Amendment Act No. 2 of 2016, as the Commission is not mandated to accept nominations from any candidates who caused a vacancy in the National Assembly.

Reformed Church in Zambia calls for peaceful and violent-free campaigns

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Kabushi Constituency-based clergy Rev. Charles Ngoma of the Reformed Church in Zambia (RCZ) has called for peaceful and violent-free campaigns in the run-up to the 15th September Parliamentary by-election in Kabushi.

Four candidates last week successfully filled their nominations before Kabushi Constituency returning officer Elias Mwalaba.

The candidates are Osius Telela of the Leadership Movement, UPND’s Bernard Kanengo, Richard Kalasa an independent candidate and Alfred Yombwe another independent candidate.

Rev. Ngoma of RCZ – Masala Congregation in Ndola said violence witnessed in Kabushi Constituency before the 2021 General Elections should not be repeated. He warned youths against being used to promote violence in Kabushi Constituency by politicians.

“My appeal to the clergy and as one of the fathers in Kabushi Constituency, I want to encourage the youths, let us distance ourselves from political violence. Desist from political violence. Let us not be used as tools of violence. Young people try to be an instrument of peace. Let us try to be agents of people as we prepare to vote. Let us not experience what happened last year. There was a lot of violence in Kabushi Constituency last year. We don’t want violence in our constituency. We say peace for Kabushi because the Bible says where there is peace the Lord commands a blessing and a blessing for Kabushi Constituency can only come when there is peace. Let’s get to cast our votes peacefully,” Rev. Ngoma said.

He said the Kabushi Parliamentary by-election gives the opportunity to citizens to make the right decision when casting their ballot on 15th September.

“Again I want to repeat to the youths, let us not be used as tools of violence but let us prepare ourselves to make the right decision to cast our votes at the right time. This is the right time that we have to cast our vote. I repeat it, how good and pleasant for brethren to dwell in peace and unity. The scripture continues saying there the Lord commands a blessing and so young people let us say no to violence and let us say yes to peace that is deserved by everyone for the betterment of our constituency. Our constituency has many challenges and many opportunities at the same time so we can only tap in the opportunities that are in Kabushi Constituency when we distance ourselves from political violence,” Rev. Ngoma said.

The clergyman encouraged the Church in Kabushi Constituency to pray for peaceful elections. Rev. Ngoma further implored Churches to welcome politicians and pray for them.

“I want to encourage the Church in Kabushi Constituency to let us pray for peace and let us encourage our politicians that they should not be involved in political violence. When politicians come to Church let us pray for them, let us welcome everyone so that the name of the Lord may be glorified. May God bless Zambia, and may God bless the Kabushi constituency and other constituencies that are having by-elections. We pray for peace and unity in those constituencies God bless you,” he said.

The Kabushi Seat fell vacant after the Constitutional Court upheld the High Court’s decision to nullify the election of Patriotic Front (PF’s) Bowman Lusambo over violence and bribery.

Mr Lusambo saw his nomination rejected after it was declared invalid by Returning Officer Elias Mwalaba during last week’s nomination day at Lubuto Secondary School.

New Heritage Party Dismayed over High Cost of Transport

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The New Heritage Party has expressed dismay over the prohibitively high cost of transportation affecting the majority commuters from the low-income sector in the country.

The New Heritage Party President Chishala Kateka said that her party is reminding the government that the transportation industry is one of the most unpoliced sectors in the country which leaves all the players to do whatever they deem fit to make profits from the poor commuters.

Ms Kateka added that among the combination of monetary burdens that bus drivers bear consist of cost factors that go into the makeup of the bus fares and which are all ultimately borne by the commuters.

“And these are, corrupt police, call boys, bus drivers, profiteering Driver’s Association levy, ZRA, Lusaka City Council and the bus owners,” Ms Kateka added

She noted that the Party feels all these players need to be regulated by the Authorities to protect the poor commuters who are bearing the brunt in the dog-eat-dog transportation sector.

Ms Kateka stated that it is the bus drivers themselves as well as the ordinary people who use public transport, whether they be employed in the formal or informal sector, they should not have to bear any further monetary burdens since they are already over-taxed either directly or indirectly.

“The burden is too much to bear for ordinary Zambians,” Ms Kateka stated

She cited that being a Party that values the lives of common Zambians, they have traced the problem of increased bus fares and it is not only resulting from high fuel prices even though that too is a factor, but it is all hinged on greed, insensitivity, incompetence by an elitist government dominated by the ‘Apamwambas’ (upper-class) who drive posh cars and are far divorced from feeling the pinch of high transport costs that the masses endure on a daily basis as they move to and from the city center to earn a living.

Ms Kateka mentioned that the New Dawn administration needs to address this issue urgently because, from the observation, as a Party they have noted that there is already a new crop of UPND cadres who, though not visible like their predecessors, who have targeted this cash cow together with the running of markets to gain financial benefit.

“This is a fact that was admitted to by the Bus Owners representative when he appeared recently on a radio talk show alongside the NGO that represents commuters,” Ms Kateka added

She alluded that in short, the atrocities that were committed by Patriotic Front cadres at markets and bus stops have continued, and the only difference is that the new political thugs are operating clandestinely and many are not even wearing the red party regalia but in suits purchased from their ill-gotten money which they are extorting from the poor bus drivers.

Ms Kateka has since called on the Government to intervene and bring down the high cost of bus fares by putting a stop to this white collar caderism, criminal extortion by their agents and stamp out the systematic corruption of the Traffic Police as these increase the cost of doing business in this sector.

“We cannot continue to have a situation where the majority poor is subsiding the lavish lifestyle and the greed driven consumption of the rich few through high bus fares,” she said

Ms Kateka highlighted that the fares that range from K15 to K18 on many routes are unaffordable by many commuters who operate in the city and failure to address this is going to be clear evidence of the insensitivity to the plight of the poor of this New Dawn Government.

The State House should say here is a list of President Hakainde Hichilema’s assets.

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By Venus N Msyani

Enough of defending the president on everything. The State House should say here is a copy of President Hakainde Hichilema’s assets and liabilities.

On Tuesday 23rd, on ZNBC, Presidential Spokesperson Antony Bwalya was quoted saying individuals or organizations are free to request relevant record-keeping institutions for them to go through the president’s assets and liabilities declarations.
President Hichilema had given the same statement on Friday 19, during a live interaction with the public on Hot FM radio at State House as he was trying to answer why he was hesitating to declare his assets and liabilities.

The statement made some people, including the author, conclude President Hichilema is not ready to declare his assets and liabilities.

To prove us wrong, Anthony Bwalya is the one who needed to go to relevant record-keeping institutions to get a list of Hichilema assets and liabilities. Today, Mr. Bwalya should say here is a list of HH assets or businesses.

By defending the president and emphasizing that he has fulfilled the legal requirement of declaring assets and liabilities, the State House is making the issue worse.

President Hichilema maintains interests in his businesses but refuses to declare his assets and liabilities publicly. Is he trying to hide something?

Very sure is not only Zambians who are asking this question. No doubt the international community is asking the same question.

To be specific, donors may have started thinking twice about Zambia. They look for transparency and accountability. Hakainde’s issue of assets and liabilities deflations doesn’t point to that.

President Hichilema must clear himself. He told the presenter during a radio appearance that he finds it odd to hear people asking him to declare his assets and liabilities when he has been doing so every time he was required to.

It is also odd that he finds it difficult to listen to people. Several times President Hichilema has said he is a servant of the people. He must listen and publicly declare his assets and liabilities to prove that. That is what his master (the people) wants. Servants don’t argue with their masters.

If he has already declared like it is being claimed, the State House should say here is a list of President Hichilema’s assets. Not asking people to go and look for it.

Will not rest until HH publicly declare his assets and liabilities. He has revealed that he maintains interests in his businesses. Zambians deserve to know these businesses in clear and simple language.

Zambia finally gets $1.3 billion IMF Bailout

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Zambia has won International Monetary Fund board approval for a $1.3 billion support package, a important step toward the nation restructuring its debt and a boost for the global effort to help indebted developing nations.

The IMF said in a statement that the 38-month extended credit facility is based on Zambia’s “homegrown economic reform plan that aims to restore macroeconomic stability and foster higher, more resilient, and more inclusive growth.

The program will also “catalyze much needed financial support from development partners,” enabling an immediate disbursement equivalent to about $185 million, the fund said.

The Executive Board’s decision will enable an immediate disbursement equivalent of about US$185 million.

Following the Executive Board discussion on Zambia, Ms. Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director, issued the following statement:

“Zambia continues to face profound challenges reflected in high poverty levels and low growth. The ECF-supported program aims to restore macroeconomic stability and foster higher, more resilient, and more inclusive growth.

“Restoring fiscal sustainability will require a sustained fiscal adjustment. The authorities’ adjustment plans appropriately focus on eliminating regressive fuel subsidies, enhancing the efficiency of the agricultural subsidy program, and reducing inefficient public investment. Domestic revenue mobilization also needs to support the medium-term adjustment. The adjustment creates fiscal space for increased social spending to cushion the burden on the most vulnerable, help reduce poverty, and to invest in Zambia’s people. The ongoing expansion of the authorities’ Social Cash Transfer program and their plans to increase public spending on health and education are particularly welcome. Together with the fiscal adjustment, Zambia needs a deep and comprehensive debt treatment under the G20 Common Framework to restore debt sustainability.

“A substantial strengthening of fiscal controls is needed to support the fiscal adjustment, as well as address governance and corruption vulnerabilities. Public investment management and procurement practices need to be strengthened to ensure transparency and the efficient use of scarce resources. It will also be important to bolster the framework for monitoring fiscal risks, particularly those related to large state-owned enterprises.

“The Bank of Zambia should continue its efforts to reduce inflation and preserve financial stability. International reserves should be replenished as conditions allow and the exchange rate should continue to reflect market conditions. Addressing high NPL levels and ensuring adequate capital buffers will also be important.”

Zambia had been seeking endorsement from the Washington-based lender for over three years as the government tries to finalize negotiations to revamp external liabilities that grew to $17.3 billion by the end of last year.

Chinese lenders account for more than one-third of its official dollar debt.

The IMF had needed assurances from Zambia’s official bilateral creditors that they were willing to renegotiate.

Those came on July 30, opening the way for the board to consider the bailout request after reaching a staff-level deal in December.

Zambia applied to restructure its obligations under the Group of 20’s Common Framework guidelines, which brings together members of the Paris Club of mostly rich creditor nations, and China, which has become the world’s biggest official lender.

Beijing was reluctant to join at first, preferring to negotiate separately.

“Securing timely restructuring agreements with external creditors will be essential for the successful implementation of the new ECF arrangement,” the fund said.